本文經由清宮內務府造辦處活計清檔的相關記事，先是觀察壯罐的燒製和使用情況，進而追索清代官窯壯罐的原型，鋪陳其和中東伊斯蘭陶、歐洲馬約利卡陶（Majolica）、或日本伊萬里燒類似罐式之間的因緣，嘗試展現其壯濶傳奇的歷程。文末另附馬約利卡剔劃花裝飾一節，在前人所已指出：該一技法乃是受到拜占庭帝國剔劃花陶影響，而後者又蒙伊斯蘭陶器之啟發的提示之下，觀察伊斯蘭陶剔劃花及其和中國北方陶瓷所見同類裝飾的異同。結論認為，做為馬約利卡剔劃花裝飾遠祖的伊斯蘭陶此一技法有可能是受到中國陶瓷的影響。

This study examines the records in the Archives of the Imperial Workshops kept by the Qing Court Imperial Household Department to first observe the burning and use of Chinese albarelli, then identify the prototype of Chinese albarelli produced by Qing official kilns, and finally elucidate the prototype’s relationships to Islamic ceramics in the Middle East, European majolica, and Japanese Imari jars in an attempt to present a thorough account of the grand history of Chinese albarelli. This article is concluded with a section on majolica sgraffiato decoration. According to previous studies, the technique was influenced by Byzantine sgraffiato ware, a type of ware inspired by Islamic pottery. In this context, the author observes the similarities and differences between the sgraffiato decoration on Islamic pottery and similar decoration on ceramics from Northern China. Finally, this study concludes that, as a predecessor of majolica sgraffiato decoration, the sgraffiato technique used on Islamic pottery may have been influenced by Chinese ceramics.

壯罐; 膏藥罐; 馬約利卡; 梅茲‧馬約利卡

Chinese albarello; albarello; majolica; mezza-majolica