花式鏇床可說是論述清宮中所見東西交流議題中一個有趣的例子，過去從未被注意，但卻擁有文獻與車鏇作品實物等可資論證的材料。本文旨在討論西洋花式鏇床工具以及相關之實用技術傳入清宮之脈絡，並藉此討論提出一些觀察及未來可繼續發展的方向。文中蒐羅目前可見到的材料及可觸及的網絡，探討西洋鏇床在清宮所扮演的實際角色，並關心花式鏇床與相關作品所能窺見的十八世紀東西藝術與技術交流。 

從藝術史的角度來說，新創意的出現與相應科學知識、技術及工具的支援對工藝製作發展的影響，是我們關注的重點。盛清時期的象牙製作出現了甚麼樣的新創意？傳入清宮的花式鏇床及其相應的知識和技術如何支援新創意的製作？ 從中國竹木牙雕發展的歷史來看，傳入清宮的西洋鏇床以及其相關配套技術的運用，對中國原有的工藝帶來甚麼樣的啟發？在十八世紀廣東、清宮與神聖羅馬帝國之間錯綜複雜交流互動中又扮演甚麼樣的角色？希望藉這些議題的討論與提出，可引發更多關於東西藝術與技術動態交流的討論。

The ornamental lathe/ rose engine is an interesting example of the historical exchanges between China and the West. Although sufficient textual and physical evidence survives to document the historical use of the tool at the Qing court, the subject has largely escaped scholarly attention. This essay discusses the transmission of the Western ornamental lathe and associated technology to the Qing court as a context for a few broader observations and suggestions for future research. Gathering all available evidence and contextual data, the essay investigates the role that the Western lathe played in the Qing court and the evidence that it and related works of art supply for our understanding of artistic and technological exchange between East and West in the eighteenth century.

Art historians are particularly interested in manifestations of creativity and the influence of related scientific knowledge, technology, and tools on the development of craft productions. What kind of creativity is manifested by the turning ivory works of the High Qing? How did the introduction of Western lathes and related scientific knowledge and technology support such creative manufactures? In terms of the history of Chinese bamboo, wood, and ivory arts, what changes did the introduction of the ornamental lathe stimulate? What role did it play in the complicated relationships between Guangdong, the Qing court, and the Holy Roman empire? In attempting to answer these questions, the present essay offers insights into the larger dynamics of art and technological exchange between East and West.

清宮; 花式車鏇; 鏇床; 交流

Qing court; ornamental turning; lathe; interaction