在中國近現代史上，羅振玉（1866－1940）可說是一位複雜且人生轉折多重的人物，既是收藏家、出版人、研究者與古董商，又是新式教育與農業推手、滿清遺老與滿洲國官員。羅振玉所涉及難以截然劃分黑白的政治與道德議題，已使其生平成為絕佳的研究對象，一生的作為更在清遺民與好古風尚（antiquarianism）兩項研究領域中成為獨特且重要的個案，值得深入探究。

本文集中討論民國最初十年間（約1911－1920），羅振玉以清遺民的身份所從事的古物出版事業。此一事業多半在其所寓居的京都完成，與其收藏息息相關。從羅振玉的收藏與出版中，可見其與「古物保存」實踐之間的關係，更可見傳統的收藏文化如何轉型至近現代的古物保存論述。更重要的是，羅振玉形構「器物」此一新的古物分類，並將傳統「金石」與「書畫」兩大分類，轉換成「器物」與「書畫」的二元統稱分類架構。基於此點，本文也論及羅振玉如何將「金石學」轉變成新興的「器物學」。本文除了重建羅振玉在傳統文化生產的近現代轉型中所佔有的重要位置，更企圖探討近現代中國對於古物觀念架構與實踐作為的轉變。

Luo Zhenyu 羅振玉 (1866-1940) was a complicated and intriguing figure in modern Chinese history. This essay tackles one aspect of his multi-faceted life that contributes to our understanding of Qing loyalists (Qing yimin 清遺民) and their transformation of traditional cultural productions in early Republican China. Through examining his collection and publications, especially those in collotype technology and from the period of 1911-1920, this essay discusses the role of Luo Zhenyu in the re-definition and recategorization of the historical objects produced in China’s long course of history. The major issues include how he established a new categorical structure for antiquities and transformed the traditional “study of metal and stone” (jinshixue 金石學) into a new scholarship that treated qiwu 器物 (three-dimensional antiquities) as the object of inquiry. This essay not only gives a rightful place to Luo Zhenyu in history but also addresses the broad issue of heritage preservation in modern China that forever changed how antiquities were perceived and conceptualized.

羅振玉; 古物保存; 清遺民; 中國收藏史; 金石學的現代轉變

Luo Zhenyu; Qing loyalists; heritage preservation; the history of collecting in China; the modern transformation of the “study of metal and stone”