「訪碑」—探訪保存於各地文廟、祠堂或矗立在野外的古碑—是清代金石學家最重要的活動之一，他們強調走出書齋實地探查散存各地的碑碣，來釐清因拓手疏忽遺漏、拓工不佳或拓本殘缺所造成的版本混亂問題。有清一代訪碑成果豐碩，影響深遠，十八世紀後期的發現與各種研究著述尤為重要。然關於清代訪碑的活動內容、重要性，乃至其文化意義，目前學界尚未有全面的認識。本文聚焦十八世紀後半訪碑活動最活躍的地點之一—山東濟寧州學，檢視其所藏漢碑，包括〈景君碑〉、〈鄭固碑〉、〈魯峻碑〉、〈鄭季宣碑〉、〈武榮碑〉、〈范式碑〉及其他殘石，在超過一世紀（十七世紀至十八世紀後期）的時間中，被反覆取拓、升起重立或發現移入的歷史，尤其聚焦十八世紀後期黃易與翁方綱等人在此地的活動，以及他們對相關活動所作的考釋、詩文題跋與圖繪，最後討論訪碑活動如何造成漢隸研究的改變，且影響及碑學書法的盛行。本文期望釐清「訪碑」這個十八世紀最重要的文化現象之一，並且希冀對了解碑學書法的興起與發展有所貢獻。

This paper examines how Han Steles (dated from the second century) installed in the prefectural school at Jining, Shandong, were unearthed and investigated during the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries as part of the fangbei (visiting steles) projects undertaken by Qing epigraphic scholars. It focuses on investigations undertaken by Huang Yi (1744-1802) and Weng Fanggang (1733-1818) in particular, looking into their collaborations as well as their writings and paintings associated with the project. It also explores how the fangbei activities helped revive ancient script types and calligraphic styles in the late-eighteenth century, one of the most critical developments in the history of Chinese calligraphy.

訪碑; 濟寧州學; 漢碑; 黃易; 翁方綱

fangbei; Jining Prefectural School; Han steles; Huang Yi; Weng Fanggang