夏允彝(1596~1645)與夏完淳(1631~1647)父子，是明末清初抗清運動中的兩位死難者。他們雖然出身平凡、仕宦不顯，而且也不是最「艱苦卓絕」、最「慘烈」的個案，但他們的故事，卻在其死難後的三百多年中，逐步從眾多忠烈故事裡脫穎而出。筆者認為，這與夏氏父子的同鄉後輩運用松江地區在經濟與文化上的優勢條件，來營造對夏氏父子的鄉賢崇拜有關。而夏氏父子相關文獻的彙集、刊刻與流傳，一方面使他們逐步從「鄉賢」轉化為「國殤」，另一方面也使他們的故事，有了可資依傍的基調。到了晚清，由於「少年」、「青年」族群的興起，夏氏父子的歷史地位產生明顯的消長。在這樣的時代環境下，夏完淳的「年少殉國」，被突顯為一項無與倫比的卓越特質，而他也因此而成為清末民國時期重要的青年偶像。

Hsia Yun-i (1596~1645) and Hsia Wan-ch'un (1631~1647) were father and son, both of them died because of taking part in the anti-Ch'ing movement in Sung-chang. Although they were not the most famous martyrs in the beginning, they became figures adored by the local literati at first, and then gained national-wide fame because of the efforts of their younger countrymen. During Late-Ch'ing and early Republican period, the rising "youngsters" began to praise the youngest martyr Hsia Wan-ch'un. In the new martyrology of Hsia family, the son, but not the father, became the main character.

夏允彝；夏完淳；忠烈；鄉賢；少年

Hsia Yun-i；Hsia Wan-ch'un；loyalism；Ming-ch'ing transition