今日所見大英博物館藏顧愷之〈女史箴圖〉，經過歷代輾轉流傳，畫幅上多出收傳印記，裝裱也數度變異。本文不討論繪畫本身，而是希望從著錄及畫上的題跋及印記，對此畫的流傳經過有所了解。畫卷上因有「弘文之印」，而曾被認為由唐代皇室收藏，遺憾的是這是顆偽印。而宋徽宗的「睿思東閤」印，與「內府圖書之印」雖為真，「內府圖書之印」位置卻違反慣例，很可能是從其它地方移過來的。其他「宣和」小印及宋高宗的「紹興」諸印，也都是後來才添上的偽印。印章不會隨使用者的死亡而消失。「賢志堂印」本為宋高宗吳皇后用印，然而此印到明朝為華夏（約1465－1566）所有。這引起何時鈐蓋的疑惑。而由於「廣仁殿」印是偽，「群玉中祕」印是真，因此此卷是否曾歸入金內府或章宗（1168－1208）的收藏，也令人困惑。此外，卷後金章宗〈書女史箴文〉，在明代嚴嵩（1480－1565）收藏時，是獨立的一件；直到梁清標（1620－1691）時，才將兩件裝成一件。這也可以從〈書女史箴文〉上，有裁切的痕跡看出來。〈女史箴圖〉前黃裱綾存有騎縫半字題記：「卷字柒拾號」，則可能為明代查抄事件的紀錄字號。

The Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies scroll has passed through the hands of many collectors over the centuries, and it has been stamped by many seals and remounted for many times. The concern in this paper is not with the painting itself, but with the collecting activities rebuilt from records, inscriptions and seals about or on the scroll. Because there is a ‘Hong wen zhi yin’ on the scroll, it has been induced that the painting was once in the Tang imperial collection. But, in fact, this seal is fake. Although the ‘Ruisi Dongge’ and the ‘Neifu tushu zhi yin’ of Huizong are genuine, the placements of the ‘Neifu tushu zhi yin’ is not as usual. It’s highly possible that the two seals were removed from other works. The small ‘Xuanhe’ seals and the ‘Shaoxing’ seals of Gaozong are all fake that added later. Seals will not disappear when their owners die. The original owner of the seal ‘Xianzhitang yin’ was Gaozong’s wife, but it became to be in the possession of Hua Hsia (ca. 1465-1566) in Ming dynasty. These facts confuse us on which one impressed the seal on the painting. We also confused about if it was once in the imperial collection of Jin dynasty or Zhangzong (1168-1208). Because although the seal ‘Guangrendian’ is fake, the seal ‘Qun yu zhong mi’ is acceptable. Moreover, the transcription of the ‘Admonitions’ written by Zhangzong follows the painting was not part of the scroll when Yan Song (1480-1565) owned it. The painting and the transcription were not mounted together until they are in Liang Qing-biao’s (1620-1691) hand. We can see that by observing the cutting edges of the transcription. In the top left corner of the front border-panel of the Admonitions is inscribed half of an accession or inventory number, which reads ‘Juan zi qishi hao’, it might be the confiscatory record by Ming government.

女史箴圖; 書女史箴文; 宋徽宗; 金章宗; 宋高宗; 嚴嵩; 卷字半題; 弘文之印

Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies; The transcription of the ‘Admonitions’; Huizong of Sung dynasty; Zhangzong of Jin dynasty; Gaozong of Song dynasty; Yan Song; Inventory number; Hong wen zhi yin