本文討論晚清拓本流通（circulation）的基本方式：如贈送、市場買賣、交換、集資訪拓等。本文指出，晚清的這些拓本流通方式，使得金石學學者們得以跨越地域的限制，在更廣大的範圍內收集金石拓片。金石拓片製作與收藏規模的大幅度提升，也對碑學書法在晚清的興盛和金石文字之學的新突破，提供了物質文化的基礎。

This article explores major means of circulating rubbings in the late Qing period, such as gift offering, purchase in the market, exchange and fund-raising for site visits. This article shows that such means of circulating rubbings enabled jinshi (epigraphic) scholars to go beyond geographical limitations and collect rubbings of bronze and stone objects on a larger scale. The production of rubbings and the sharp rise in the scales of collection provided a material base for the bloom of the stele school of calligraphy and the breakthrough of paleography in the late Qing period.

拓片流通; 訪碑; 拓碑; 碑學書法; 文字學

circulation of rubbings; site visits to steles; rubbing production; stele school of calligraphy; paleography