本文探討隋唐龍耳瓶特異器形的產生背景,及其從誕生至衰微的各階段發展演變。作者首先質疑「雞頭壺→龍耳雙身瓶→龍耳瓶」的單線發展圖式,並且針對現存隋唐時期的白瓷、三彩等龍耳瓶進行整理分類,根據器身形態與裝飾區分四類樣式,並給予可能的年代定位。作者指出,從雞頭壺開展的龍耳雙身瓶與龍耳瓶,約出現於七世紀初葉,前者於短期間內消失沒有繼續發展;白瓷龍耳瓶則代替青瓷貼花紋尊大型明器,成為主要的明器角色。龍耳瓶伸長了雞頭壺的頸部,改換成器高超過50公分的堂堂高瓶,並在頸部加入緊密弦紋,環狀耳移至龍柄基部,基部貼附數個模印印花。從7世紀隋代至8世紀前半盛唐期,龍耳瓶持續生產於華北地區,樣式亦隨之變化,至中唐時期才結束。最後,作者比定最古式三彩龍耳瓶的編年為七世紀第二個四半期,提醒三彩器出現年代與龍耳瓶型式編年的關連性。
This article investigates the origin and evolution of the amphora with dragon-shaped handles of the Sui and T'ang periods. The author questions the validity of the theory that places these wares at the end of an evolution from chicken-head ewer, via double-bodied amphora with dragon-shaped handle, to amphora with dragon-shaped handle. He classifies these amphoras into four different categories in terms of their respective shape, decoration, as well as chronological stage of development.
The author indicates how the double-bodied amphora and the amphora with dragon-shaped handle both evolved from the chicken-head ewer, appearing by the beginning of the seventh century. The first type of amphora disappeared from the historical stage within a short while after its emergence. The white porcelain amphora with dragon-shaped hand le, however, would eventually come to play the leading role in funerary ceramics, replacing a such the large celadon tsun with applied floral ornament in relief. During the period lasting from the seventh to the first half of the eighth century, that is from the Sui through the high T'ang, production as well as formal evolution of the amphora with dragon-shaped handles were sustained in Northern China.
The author finally points out that since the oldest type of san-ts'ai amphora with dragon-shaped handle is datable to the second quarter of the seventh century, there clearly exists a link between the emergence of san-ts'ai ware and the chronological classification of amphora shapes with dragon-shaped handles.
龍耳瓶; 龍耳雙身瓶; 雞頭壺; 白瓷; 三彩
amphora with dragon-shaped handle; double-bodied amphora with dragon-shaped handle; chicken-head flask; white porcelain; san-ts'ai